Evolutionary ethics

The important question is not why certain things are good and certain things are bad?
Why there are two types good and bad- like black and white, instead of three types- like red, green and blue.
The good and bad will have

We say in good and bad there are many shades of gray.
Then why not have all the colours a mix of three colours.

Evolution might have put acts in two baskets good and bad, but who created the two baskets? Why are not three or more baskets.

We think of god or a higher order puts acts in the two baskets -transcendental act.

This is the problem that evolutionary ethics trys to solve.

But first we need to solve the question, why two baskets ?

Human Knowledge

Not only human but also animal knowledge is from sense inputs, teaching and self indulgence.

Teaching - ability to gain knowledge from others sense inputs and self indulgence. Trusting, believing concepts taught by others makes such concepts universal.

Mathematical concepts need sense input initially to be formed. like looking at marbles to understand counting. After the brain forms the concept it dishes the knowledge of sense inputs - kicking out the ladder after you climbed. Similarly brain may be forgetting what was taught from external sources after forming the concept in the brain.
So a mature brain will feel these concepts inside it's brain. But a young child may have the connection to sense inputs. Children learn by pictures adults learn by reading. pictures are more near to sense inputs.

Trusted teacher - when you trust someone say your parents and when you are young, what is taught registered in the brain more easily and permanently. After a while you will not remember who taught but the thought will be in the brain as if it was of your own. Kicking your the ladder after you climbed. Tractatus-Wittgenstein.

Logic language and sense perceptions

You can remember what three blind men said about the elephant. We have limited perceptions about the environment. Logic and language is the attempt to combine these inputs.

Why one and two are different

Identifying one is see or feel a single object. When we count two, there should be two objects that have similar qualities. An observer need to be present to analyze the qualities in order to come to the conclusion that they have similar qualities. Therefore a brain or information analyzer need to be present to have the concepts of mathematics.

The concept of two might have developed in human brain long before three, four or more.

Concept of two, may be linked  in the beginning to concept of half, dividing and concept of symmetry. Having two ears, hands, eyes might have led to thinking of two.

Reality commonsense ego

:When a being is conceived he is nothing. No ego no self just a set of cells arranged in a unique way. This will have the hereditary characteristics. After convincing the being will get inputs from the environment through it's senses this information will be arranged in its brain.some will be deleted some will be rearranged.This information and what it inherited will make the ego of a person. Reality according to the person is this mix of data. When the person thinks this is my arm it is the data arranged in his brain. Language is the tool that connects commonsense to you. When I say this is my hand everyone else understands it. If I am a lunatic and my brain if different from others. I see my head not on my neck but on my hand. This is my head showing my hand. Everyone else will see the statement as absurd. So the absurdity arose not because the position of my head but because the differences in the brains. Suppose a deformed person has his head in his arm then the absurd statement becomes true! Reality is an illusion created in the brain.the beautiful mountain or sunset we see are really created in our brain. The mountain may actually exist in some form but our perception makes the beautiful appearance we see. This will be true for everything in the universe.
Music is more easier to understand. A set of frequencies gives a harmony to human ear. Its because of the human brain. We can extrapolate it to our physical world.
universe
Suppose a cow grazing grass sees a beautiful mountain in twilight. Can it enjoy the beauty? It will see the mountain in a very different perspective than a human. A primitive human looking at the night sky will have a very different perspective of the universe than a modern human. It shows that reality is different though there is not much difference in the structure of the human brain between then and now. Only difference is accumulated knowledge.

Why is it wrong to allocate land on racial basis

Wealth equals hereditary, luck, decision making, effort etc. Land is one resource interchangeable with other resources like for instance money.

Exams for student or teacher

Why do we need exams? There are two reasons. Selecting a set of smart persons form a group, this will be dealt later. The other reason given is to evaluate whether the student understood the subject and teacher taught it correctly.